Extreme isotopic heterogeneity in Samoan clinopyroxenes constrains sediment recycling

Extreme heterogeneity of in uenza

Viral infection can dramatically alter a cell’s transcriptome. However, these changes 8 have mostly been studied by bulk measurements on many cells. Here we use single-cell mRNA 9 sequencing to examine the transcriptional consequences of in uenza virus infection. We nd 10 extremely wide cell-to-cell variation in the productivity of viral transcription – viral transcripts 11 comprise less than a...

Recycling of harbor sediment as lightweight aggregate.

Sediment sampled from Taichung Harbor was mixed with local reservoir sediment at different weight ratios to prepare lightweight aggregate at 1050, 1100, and 1150 degrees C. A pressure of 3000 or 5000 psi was used to shape the powder mixtures into pellets before the heating processes. The results indicate that the leaching levels of trace metals from the lightweight aggregate samples are conside...

Antibody evolution constrains conformational heterogeneity by tailoring protein dynamics.

The evolution of proteins with novel function is thought to start from precursor proteins that are conformationally heterogeneous. The corresponding genes may be duplicated and then mutated to select and optimize a specific conformation. However, testing this idea has been difficult because of the challenge of quantifying protein flexibility and conformational heterogeneity as a function of evo...

Extreme H isotopic anomalies in chondritic organic matter

Distinct iron isotopic signatures and supply from marine sediment dissolution

Oceanic iron inputs must be traced and quantified to learn how they affect primary productivity and climate. Chemical reduction of iron in continental margin sediments provides a substantial dissolved flux to the oceans, which is isotopically lighter than the crust, and so may be distinguished in seawater from other sources, such as wind-blown dust. However, heavy iron isotopes measured in seaw...